We have fabricated YBCO step-edge Josephson junctions and measured the responses to millimeter and submillimeter irradiation. In the substrate milling process for the purpose of fabricating the step, the step angle was controlled using a Nb metal mask. At a step angle of 20 degrees, we obtained Josephson junctions, the characteristics of which are consistent with the RSJ model. We estimated the capacitance to be 4.4 fF using the RSJ model, but such a value for an 8 /spl mu/m wide and 300 nm thick junction seems too small. When the junctions were irradiated by 300 GHz radiation, Shapiro steps up to the 4th were observed. The junctions were used as mixers in the 100 GHz band, and as harmonic mixers in the 100 GHz LO and 700 GHz RF bands. Beat signals were observed in both cases. We also estimated the quasi-optical conversion losses of the step-edge junctions as mixers.>
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Shimakage et al. (1995) studied this question.
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