NWF: Propagation of Tsunami and its Interaction with Continental Shelf and Vertical Wall

In this article, tsunamis represented as solitary waves was simulated using the fully nonlinear free surface waves based on Finite Element method developed by Sriram et al. (2006) Sriram, V., Sannasiraj, S. A. and Sundar, V. 2006. Numerical simulation of 2D nonlinear waves using finite element with cubic spline approximations. Journal of Fluids and Structures, 22(5): 663–681. [Google Scholar]. The split up of solitary wave while it propagates over the uneven bottom topography is successfully established. Wave transmission and reflection over a vertical step introduced in the bottom topography is in good agreement with the experimental results from Seabra-Santos et al. (1987) Seabra-Santos, F. J., Renouard, D. and Temperville, A. 1987. Numerical and experimental study of the transformation of a solitary wave over a shelf or isolated obstacle. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 176: 117–134. [Google Scholar]. The wave transformation over a continental shelf with different smooth slopes reveals that the solitary wave reflection increases while the continental slope varies from flat to steep. The interaction of the solitary wave with a vertical wall for different wave steepness has been analysed. The reflected shape of the profile is in good agreement with the observation made by Fenton and Rienecker (1982) Fenton, J. D. and Rienecker, M. M. 1982. A Fourier method for solving nonlinear water-wave problems: Application to solitary wave interactions. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 118: 411–443. [Google Scholar] and an increase in wave celerity is observed.