Bioinspired Reversible Switch between Underwater Superoleophobicity/Superaerophobicity and Oleophilicity/Aerophilicity and Improved Antireflective Property on the Nanosecond Laser-Ablated Superhydrophobic Titanium Surfaces

In this work, the bioinspired reversible switch between underwater superoleophobicity/superaerophobicity and oleophilicity/aerophilicity and improved antireflective property were successfully demonstrated on the nanosecond laser-structured titanium surfaces. Titanium materials were first transformed to be superhydrophobic after nanosecond laser ablation and low-temperature annealing treatments, showing oleophilicity/aerophilicity in water. If the surfaces were prewetted with absolute ethanol and then immersed into water, the surfaces showed superoleophobicity/superaerophobicity. More importantly, the underwater oleophilicity/aerophilicity of the surfaces could be easily recovered by natural drying, and the switch between the underwater superoleophobicity/superaerophobicity and oleophilicity/aerophilicity could be repeated many cycles. Moreover, based on the original antireflective performance of the surface of the laser-ablated micro/nanoscale structures, we demonstrated that the inspired improved antireflective property could be skillfully realized by the prewetting treatment. The developed bioinspired multifunctional materials provide a versatile platform for the potential applications, such as controlling oil droplets, bubbles, and optical behavior.