High-resolution two-photon spectroscopy was applied to investigate the msns ¹S₀ Rydberg states of the alkaline-earth elements Ca, Sr, and Ba. It is shown for ⁴³Ca, ⁸⁷Sr, ¹³⁵Ba, and ¹³⁷Ba that the hyperfine interaction causes a level shift between odd- and even-mass isotopes. A theoretical interpretation is presented which relates the energy-level shift for odd isotopes to the singlet-triplet separation which in turn is a function of the principal quantum number, and good agreement with the experimental results is found.
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Beigang et al. (1982) studied this question.
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