Chromogenic calix[4]crowns bearing a short crown strap for the metal recognition and an azophenol unit for the optical reading-out were designed and synthesized. Two-phase solvent-extraction established that they show remarkably high Na+/K+(>103.1) selectivity. This discrimination ability is high enough to apply them as a Na+-selective ionophore for optical sensing systems.
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Yamamoto et al. (1995) studied this question.
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