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Lactate levels are frequently cited as an indicator of inadequate tissue perfusion or oxygenation. Due to the variety of mechanisms by which an elevated plasma lactate level can occur, the diagnostic and prognostic implications of hyperlactataemia are not always straightforward. There is increasing recognition that hyperlactataemia and lactic acidosis may occur in the absence of tissue hypoxia. To always equate hyperlactataemia with lactic acidosis, and consequently poor outcome, is not always correct. (non-author abstract)
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Baker et al. (2005) studied this question.
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