Red, green, and blue simultaneous generation in aperiodically poled Zn-diffused LiNbO3:Er3+/Yb3+ nonlinear channel waveguides

In this work, continuous-wave broadly tunable simultaneous generation of red (650–690 nm), green (520–575 nm), and blue (425–495 nm) light in aperiodically poled Zn-diffused LiNbO3:Er3+/Yb3+ channel waveguides is reported after Ti:sapphire excitation in the 850–990 nm range. The red and green emissions arise from energy transfer and upconversion mechanisms between Yb3+ and Er3+ ions, while the blue light with a maximum efficiency of 0.04% W−1 cm−1 is produced by quasi-phase matching processes.