Evaluation of rumen undegradable protein supplementation on racing dromedary camel performance

Racing camels are a symbol of Emirati heritage and hold modern economic importance. While the benefits of rumen undegradable protein (RUP) are well-established in cattle, a significant research gap exists for RUP requirements in dromedary camels. This study examined effects of increased dietary RUP on racing performance and serology in UAE racing camels. Twelve racing camels (~1.5 years) underwent a 17-week feeding study; controls received a basal diet while treatment camels received 57% higher dietary RUP via roasted soybean meal (DM). Daily DM intake was similar between groups (3.6 vs. 3.7 kg). Speed, heart rate, and rectal temperature showed a statistical trend with RUP and changed significantly over time with training (P = 0.0807; P < 0.0001). Hemoglobin was nonsignificantly higher in the treatment group (P = 0.1803). WBC, LDH, and AST showed a greater post-exercise increase in the treatment group, while CK increased more in controls (P > 0.05). A regional illness outbreak required veterinary treatment in both groups for ~3 months, limiting attribution of within-group changes to diet alone. In conclusion, RUP supplementation may benefit racing performance in dromedary camels and warrants future investigation.