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August 23, 2026BMC CancerOpen Access

Determinants of breast and cervical cancer screening uptake among women in Zambia: analysis of the 2024 Zambia demographic and health survey

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Authors

SSSamson ShumbaMHMwaka HaachisalaDNDouglas Nkumbwa

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Overview

Cross-sectional survey reveals low cancer screening uptake among reproductive-age women, highlighting persistent socioeconomic disparities and the need for integrated detection programs.

Key Points

  • Assess the prevalence and sociodemographic determinants of breast and cervical cancer screening uptake among women aged 15–49 years in Zambia.
  • Analyzed nationally representative data from 13,876 women aged 15–49 years from the 2024 Zambia Demographic and Health Survey (ZDHS).
  • Categorized screening history into four mutually exclusive groups: no screening, breast-only, cervical-only, and combined screening.
  • Evaluated sociodemographic predictors using survey-weighted multivariable multinomial logistic regression.
  • Overall, 68.84% of women reported no screening, 4.67% had breast-only, 17.87% had cervical-only, and 8.63% had combined screening, reaching only 51.3% cervical screening among women aged 45–49 years.
  • Women aged 45–49 years had significantly higher odds of cervical-only (RRR 9.64; 95% CI 6.66–13.96) and combined screening (RRR 12.01; 95% CI 7.35–19.63) relative to adolescents aged 15–19 years.
  • Rural residence (RRR 0.76; 95% CI 0.63–0.93) and high community poverty (RRR 0.44; 95% CI 0.33–0.59 for cervical-only; RRR 0.63; 95% CI 0.44–0.92 for combined) were significant negative predictors of screening.

Cite This Study

Shumba et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a8aade47677a341144465ddhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-026-16822-5
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Also Consider

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  1. 1Determinants of Cervical Cancer Screening Utilization among Women of Reproductive Age in Choma District, Zambia.2025 · 1 citations
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  5. 5The cervical cancer screening and precancer treatment journey: a qualitative study of experiences among Zambian women living with and without HIV2025