X‐Ray Spectra and Electronic Structure of Elements at the End of the First Long Period from 29Cu to 34Se

The form of the Kβ2,5‐bands of the elements Ni and Zn is shown to have a fine structure not previously observed. The comparison of the K‐, L‐, and M‐spectra of metallic Ni, Cu, Zn, and Ge demonstrates the localization of the localization of the 3d bands. In Ni the d‐symmetry states form a narrow sub‐band at the Fermi level, in Cu these states are shifted to lower energies, and the process continues with increasing atomic number of the element. The shape of the Kβ2,5‐band of Ni, Cu, and Zn is due to the overlap of the Kβ5‐ and Kβ2‐bands and represents mainly the distribution of p‐symmetry states in the outer energy band of these elements. The formation of the 4s‐level in Ge is discussed. It is concluded that p–d transitions must take place in CuNi alloys in the outer shell of the outer shell of the Ni atom.