Key result
An intra-aortic balloon pump operating in a mock circulatory system successfully demonstrated major features of counterpulsation, including diastolic augmentation and end-diastolic reduction.
A newly designed mock circulatory system successfully replicated physiological hemodynamics and demonstrated expected counterpulsation features when tested with an intra-aortic balloon pump, proving suitable for in vitro testing of ventricular assist devices.
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In vitro success supports mock circulatory systems for device testing; leaves open translation to animal or clinical use.
A mock circulatory system (MCS) was designed to replicate a physiological environment for in vitro testing and was assessed with the intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP). The MCS was comprised of an artificial left ventricle (LV), connected to a 14-branch polyurethane-compound aortic model. Physiological distribution of terminal resistance and compliance according to published data was implemented with capillary tubes of different sizes and syringes of varying air volume, respectively, fitted at the outlets of the branches. The ends of the aortic branches were connected to a common tube representing the venous system and an overhead reservoir provided atrial pressure. An IABP operating a 40-cc balloon was set to counterpulsate with the LV. Total arterial compliance of the system was 0.94 mL/mm Hg and total arterial resistance was 20.3 ± 3.3 mm Hg/L/min. At control, physiological flow distribution was achieved and both mean and phasic aortic pressure and flow were physiological. With the IABP, aortic pressure exhibited the major features of counterpulsation: diastolic augmentation during inflation, inflection point at onset of deflation, and end-diastolic reduction at the end of deflation. The contribution of balloon inflation and deflation was also evident on the aortic flow pattern. This MCS was verified to be suitable for IABP testing and with further adaptations it could be used for studying other hemodynamic problems and ventricular assist devices.
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Kolyva et al. (2010) studied this question. Intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) vs. Control (without IABP) was evaluated on Hemodynamic parameters (aortic pressure and flow). An intra-aortic balloon pump operating in a mock circulatory system successfully demonstrated major features of counterpulsation, including diastolic augmentation and end-diastolic reduction.
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