The Dependence of Concentration Gradient on Current Density at Working Electrodes

An interferometric study of working electrodes in a cell holding less than 1 ml of solution enabled the effects of cell depth, orientation, electrolyte concentration, and temperature on the concentration gradient to be evaluated. The concentration gradient (obtained from the perturbations of a parallel fringe pattern) is an error function of current density, but every factor studied produced deviation from this relationship. The electrodeposition of the following ions has been studied: Cu++, Zn++, Ni++, Ag+, in a wide variety of electrolytes.