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A quantitative theory for the magnetostriction due to exchange interactions in metals has been developed, based on the ideas of Zener. The theory is in good agreement with the measured values for pure nickel and iron, and it explains the anomalous thermal expansion in the iron-nickel Invar alloys, as well as more complex alloys containing manganese and/or cobalt.
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Carr et al. (1973) studied this question.
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