Based on vapor-phase transport method, manganese-doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Mn) tetropod whiskers were fabricated. The pods of the ZnO:Mn whiskers show hexagonal hollow shape with multitips at the front. X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy demonstrate that the tube pods and the tips are composed of wurtzite ZnO growing along [0001] direction. The generation of the luminescent center in ZnO whiskers and electron transport between the ground state and the excitation states of Mn2+ are analyzed by Raman-scattering, photoluminescence, and photoluminescent excitation measurements.
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Xu et al. (2005) studied this question.
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