Nanowires with 10 nm in diameter and several microns in length have been synthesized by ion exchange reaction of Na2Ti3O7 in KOH aqueous solution, and the structure of these nanowires has been determined to be K2Ti6O13. It was shown that the nanowires were formed as a result of strain induced phase transformation from the Na2Ti3O7 structure to K2Ti6O13. The length of the nanowires was determined largely by the size of the raw Na2Ti3O7 crystal along its [010] direction, and the cross section was determined mainly by the competition between the lattice misfit resulted strain energy and the bonding characteristics of the Na2Ti3O7 structure.
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Wang et al. (2005) studied this question.
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