phosphors were prepared by a Pechini sol-gel process. X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), diffuse reflectance, photoluminescence, cathodoluminescence spectra, as well as lifetimes were utilized to characterize the synthesized phosphors. XRD results reveal that the sample begins to crystallize at and pure phase can be obtained at . The crystallinity increases upon raising the annealing temperature. The FE-SEM images indicate that phosphors are composed of fine and spherical grains around in size. Under the excitation of UV light and low-voltage electron-beams, phosphors show the characteristic emissions of the ( , transitions). The luminescence colors can be tuned from yellowish warm white to red by changing the doping concentration of to some extent. The corresponding luminescence mechanisms have been proposed. These phosphors have potential applications in field-emission displays.
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Liu et al. (2008) studied this question.