The Invention of Politics in Colonial Malaya: Contesting Nationalism and the Expansion of the Public Sphere.

Introduction: colonialism, nationalism and contest 1. The ancien regime: described and condemned 2. Establishing a liberal critique 3. A description of the real world: expanding vocabularies 4. Conceptualizing a Bangsa community: a newspaper of moderate opinions 5. Building a bourgeois public sphere 6. Ideological challenge on a second front: The Kerajaan in contest with Islam 7. Answering liberalism: Islamic first moves 8. Kerajaan self-reform: chronicling a new Sultanate 9. Practising politics in the mid-colonial period 10. Surveying the homeland Sedar and dialogic processes Conclusion: the Malay political heritage.