This paper proposes a novel high-temperature superconductor (HTS) vernier permanent-magnet machine which can offer low-speed high-torque operation under line frequency. The key is to newly introduce the flux-modulation poles which modulate the high-speed rotating field in the stator to become the low-speed rotating field in the airgap. Also, the use of HTS armature windings can greatly reduce the power loss and improve the power density. By using the time-stepping finite element method, the machine performances are analyzed. Hence, the validity of the proposed machine is verified.
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Li et al. (2010) studied this question.