Receptor Usage and the Pathogenesis in Acute and Chronic Virus Infections

Noyce et al., 2011). Here, Kato et al. (2012) focused on the receptor usage of MV in vivo which may influences the disease outcome using monkey models, while Takeda et al. (2012) discussed about the dual-tropic nature of MV using SLAM and nectin 4 expressed in immune cells and epithelial cells, respectively.Ito et al. (2012) addressed the importance of B cells as a reservoir for persistent HCV infection.In two reviews on HCV, Moriishi and Matsuura (2012) overviewed a current research focus on lipid components for the HCV pathogenesis, while Shoji et al. (2012) discussed about glucose metabolic disorders associated with HCV infection.Nishimura and Shimizu (2012) and Yamayoshi et al. ( 2012), both of whom successfully identified two novel receptors for EV, overviewed the current knowledge about receptor usage and various diseases associated with EV infection.For the coronavirus, Taguchi and Hirai-Yuki (2012) overviewed studies on the receptor and related cellular factors for MHV, which may contribute to the mouse susceptibility to MHV infection.As regards to the virus recognizing sugar moieties, Ramos and Fernandez-Sesma (2012) provided insights about the interaction of influenza A virus with sialic acid receptors on immune cells with special reference to the innate immune response.Shirato (2012) described about the norovirus with distinct genotypes which recognize a specific structure of sugar chain.We will learn by these articles the fact that to identify a receptor is the first important step to know a virus, but many questions remain in order to fully understand human diseases caused by viruses.I would like to express my cordial thanks to all the contributors for this topic.I hope readers find the content interesting, but most importantly, that the information will prove very useful for future research.