Genus Rosa L. in China: advances in resources and taxonomy

This is the authors' abstract. We don't add key points for this paper.

Rosa is considered one of the most challenging and difficult groups in taxonomy and phylogenetics due to its wide distribution, extensive variability, and high hybridization potential, which leads to unclear interspecific boundaries. This paper summarizes and analyzes the progress in the distribution, survey, and classification of Rosa resources in China, based on years of research on the genus and a review of relevant literature. The latest distribution data for Rosa in China was updated, highlighting two key diversity centers where species richness is highest—regions with favorable hydrothermal conditions, minimal seasonal climatic variation, and high habitat heterogeneity. Additionally, 22 previously unpublished Rosa taxa (19 varieties and three forms) and 17 significant cultivars have been introduced. A new identification key for the genus Rosa in China has also been given. We also address issues in the classification of Rosa, offering fresh perspectives on interspecific boundaries, classification methods, and key taxonomic groups. This provides theoretical support for the identification, classification, and evolutionary research of Rosa species, and offers valuable references for the conservation and utilization of Rosa resources.