A numerical method to study defect-mediated phase transitions is proposed, which combines a standard Monte Carlo technique with a particular type of boundary conditions. The method is applied to the two-dimensional XY (plane rotator) model as well as to the two-dimensional SO(3) Heisenberg model which models a triangular-lattice Heisenberg antiferromagnet. Our results give a direct numerical support for the occurrence of a topological transition in these systems driven by the vortex binding-unbinding.
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Kawamura et al. (1993) studied this question.
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