Postoperative DVT after percutaneous endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion: risk factors and a predictive model

This study aims to compare the incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) after percutaneous endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion (PELIF), identify independent risk factors, and develop a predictive model for postoperative DVT risk. This retrospective study included 99 patients who underwent PELIF at our hospital from April 2024 to June 2025. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify independent risk factors for postoperative DVT following PELIF surgery. A predictive model was constructed based on these factors, and its discriminative ability was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC). Univariate analysis revealed that age, intraoperative fluid administration, monocyte percentage, and D-dimer levels were significantly associated with postoperative DVT ( P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis further confirmed that age, intraoperative fluid administration, and monocyte percentage were independent risk factors. The predictive model constructed based on these factors had an AUC of 0.89 (95% CI 0.82–0.95), indicating good discriminative ability. This study successfully identified independent risk factors for postoperative DVT in PELIF surgery patients and developed a predictive model with high discriminative ability following PELIF surgery. This model can serve as a practical tool for clinicians to assess postoperative DVT risk, optimize perioperative management, and reduce the incidence of DVT after surgery. Registry : Ethics Committee of Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Approval notice number: YXLL-2025-094, Registration date: 1st April 2025.