Socio-hydrogeology: The past, present, and future of a people-centred and place-based approach to groundwater science

Groundwater systems are shaped by deeply interwoven physical processes and social dynamics, yet traditional hydrogeological approaches have often treated these domains separately. Over the past decade, socio-hydrogeology has emerged in response, offering an approach that systematically incorporates social dimensions into hydrogeological investigations. In its initial formulation, socio-hydrogeology was meant to raise awareness among hydrogeologists of the social implications of their work, fostering engagement with water users and interdisciplinary collaboration from the onset of research. Since then, the approach has gained academic traction and institutional recognition, yet it still lacks a clear conceptual definition, posing risks to its coherence and impact. This paper marks 10 years since the term’s inception and critically reflects on the development and future direction of socio-hydrogeology. By critically analysing the evolution of the concept and situating it among broader inter- and transdisciplinary frameworks, this paper proposes an updated conceptualisation to clarify its disciplinary scope, practical relevance, and further encourage its application. Attention is also given to the implications for hydrogeological education, arguing for a shift in pedagogy that better equips researchers to engage with the ethical and cultural dimensions of groundwater science. Socio-hydrogeology offers an opportunity to reframe hydrogeology not only as a natural science but as one deeply shaped by (and accountable to) society.