Continuous fixed bed biosorption of Cu2+ ions: application of a simple two parameter mathematical model

Biomass from two fungi of the Mucorales order, laboratory cultured and immobilised Rhizopus arrhizus, and industrial waste Mucor miehei, was tested for capacity to adsorb copper from solution in batch and continuous-flow column systems. Maximum uptake levels were c 400 and 300 mmol g−1 (dry weight) respectively. Immobilisation of Rhizopus arrhizus in polyvinyl formal to cell loadings of 60% (w/w) did not diminish metal uptake levels. In continuous-flow columns both biosorbents adsorbed copper to levels equal or approaching the batch uptake values. Column breakthrough curves were fitted to a two parameter model and each of the parameters, σ and t0 , were linearly correlated with column operating parameters. Predicted breakthrough curves agreed closely with experimental values.