Facial Nerve Palsy in the Pediatric Population

Although facial nerve palsy occurs less frequently in children than in adults, the condition is deeply concerning to the patient and family. Whereas facial nerve palsy is most often idiopathic in the adult population, a secondary cause can now be identified in the majority of pediatric cases. Pediatricians are, therefore, ideally situated to detect these individuals at an early stage and initiate optimal diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. Proper evidence-based care can optimize the outcomes in these patients. This review provides an overview of the anatomical and pathophysiological considerations in facial nerve palsy and describes the current management principles to assist pediatricians in the diagnosis and treatment of this condition.