Coxsackievirus B4 can cause severe and potentially fatal neonatal infections, including meningitis and sepsis with multi-organ failure.
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Severe neonatal enterovirus cases warrant diagnostic vigilance; leaves open incidence, transmission, and prevention questions.
We report four cases of severe neonatal non-polio enterovirus infection, requiring hospital admission. Infants presented to different regional hospitals across Northern Ireland from late 2024 to early 2025. Three had neonatal meningitis and one showed rapid demise, leading to sepsis, multi-organ failure and death at day 6 of life. All infants were less than 18 days old at presentation, two were considered congenital infections, with one presenting symptoms at birth. All infants had detectable enterovirus RNA, typed as coxsackievirus B4.
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Feeney et al. (2025) studied this question.
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