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We describe a terahertz optical resonator that is ideally suited for highly sensitive and noninvasive refractive-index monitoring. The resonator is formed by machining a rectangular groove into one plate of a parallel-plate waveguide, and is excited using the lowest-order transverse-electric (TE1) waveguide mode. Since the resonator can act as a channel for fluid flow, it can be easily integrated into a microfluidics platform for real-time monitoring. Using this resonator with only a few microliters of liquid, we demonstrate a refractive-index sensitivity of 3.7×105 nm/refractive-index-unit, the highest ever reported in any frequency range.
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Mendis et al. (2009) studied this question.
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