A study of 8,300-year-old Jomon human remains in Japan using complete mitogenome sequences obtained by next-generation sequencing

Fuzuki Mizunoa*, Yasuhiro Taniguchib, Osamu Kondoc, Michiko Hayashia, Kunihiko Kurosakia* & Shintaroh Uedaaca Department of Legal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japanb Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Letters, Kokugakuin University, Tokyo, Japanc Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, JapanSupplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/03014460.2020.1797164.CONTACT Fuzuki Mizuno fuzuki.mizuno@med.toho-u.ac.jp Department of Legal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, 5-21-16, Omori-Nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan Kunihiko Kurosaki kurosaki@med.toho-u.ac.jp Department of Legal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo 143-8540, JapanAbstractAncient human remains have been assigned to their mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups. To obtain efficiently deep and reliable nucleotide sequences of ancient DNA of interest, we achieved target enrichment followed by next-generation sequencing (NGS). Complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) sequences were obtained for three human remains from the Iyai rock-shelter site of the Initial Jomon Period in Japan. All the Jomon mitogenomes belong to haplogroup N9b, but no sequences among them were identical. High genetic diversity was clarified even among the Jomon human remains belonging to haplogroup N9b, which has been described as a haplogroup representing the Jomon people.