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Lewis acid catalysis in supercritical carbon dioxide (CO(2)) was investigated. While solubility of most organic materials is low in scCO(2), poly(ethylene glycol) derivatives or perfluoroalkylbenzenes were found to work as surfactants to dissolve organic materials in scCO(2). In the presence of these molecules, Lewis acid catalyzed organic reactions such as aldol-, Mannich-, and Friedel-Crafts-type reactions proceeded smoothly in scCO(2). Formation of emulsions was observed in these reactions, and the systems were studied in detail.
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Komoto et al. (2004) studied this question.
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