Creation of Highly Defined Mesenchymal Stem Cell Patterns in Three Dimensions by Laser-Assisted Bioprinting

Bioprinting is a technology that allows making complex tissues from the bottom-up. The need to control accurately both the resolution of the printed droplet and the precision of its positioning was reported. Using a bioink with 1 × 108 cells/mL, we present evidence that the laser-assisted bioprinter (LAB) can deposit droplets of functional mesenchymal stem cells with a resolution of 138 ± 28 μm and a precision of 16 ± 13 μm. We demonstrate that this high printing definition is maintained in three dimensions.