Background: Increased susceptibility to invasive fungal diseases is one of the most important issues in diabetic patients. The purpose of the present study was to assess immunologic status of diabetic and non-diabetic subjects regarding to the subclinical infections with Rhizopus oryzae and Candida albicans. Methods: The classic counterimmunoelecterophoresis (CIEP) assay has been employed to detect serum response to R . oryzae and C. albicans in diabetic (n=100; mean fasting blood sugar 170±102) and non-diabetic (n=100; mean fasting blood sugar 90±12) subjects. Results: The anti- R. oryzae and anti-C. albicans antibodies have been detected in diabetic subjects more than those of non-diabetic subjects (p<0.001). The relative risk of candidiasis and mucormycosis in diabetic subjects were 2.8 and 19.0 times more than nodiabetic subjects, respectively. Absolute risk increase was 0.27 (2700 per 10,000 people) for candidiasis compared to 0.18 (1800 per 10,000 people) for mucormycosis in diabetes mellitus (DM). The number needed to treat for the prevention of candidiasis and mucormycosis in DM was 3.7 (370 per 10,000 people) and 5.5 (550 per 10,000 people), respectively. Conclusion: CIEP would be considered as the first tool to screen latent mucormycosis and candidiasis in DM, however its characteristics like sensitivity and specificity should be measured in comparison to a gold standard technique.
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Mikaeili et al. (2014) studied this question.
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