Impact of Chronic Kidney Disease on the Associations of Cardiovascular Biomarkers With Adverse Outcomes in Patients With Suspected or Known Coronary Artery Disease: The EXCEED‐J Study

Figures

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  Figure 1. Cumulative incidence of 3P‐MACE in the entire cohort (A), patients with CKD (B), and patients without CKD (C) according to the serum sFlt‐1 level at baseline. Follow‐up results are truncated after 3 years. 3P‐MACE is defined as a composite of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and nonfatal stroke. CKD is defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate of <60 mL/min per 1.73 m2 of body surface area. The tertiles of sFlt‐1 levels were as follows: (A) tertile 1, ≤96.59; tertile 2, 96.59<, ≤121.17; tertile 3, >121.17 pg/mL; (B) tertile 1, ≤100.00; tertile 2, 100.00<, ≤124.91; tertile 3, >124.91 pg/mL; (C) tertile 1, ≤94.45; tertile 2, 94.45<, ≤119.69; tertile 3, >119.69 pg/mL. 3P‐MACE indicates 3‐point major adverse cardiovascular events; CKD, chronic kidney disease; and sFlt‐1, soluble fms‐like tyrosine kinase 1.

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  Figure 2. Adjusted hazard ratios of the biomarker levels for 3P‐MACE in the entire cohort, patients with CKD, and patients without CKD. The data were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, current smoking, estimated glomerular filtration rate, the Gensini score, previous myocardial infarction, previous stroke, previous heart failure hospitalization, atrial fibrillation, anemia, antihypertensive drug use, statin use and aspirin use. CKD is defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate of <60 mL/min per 1.73 m2 of body surface area. The biomarkers are modeled as (1) continuous variables, (2) tertiles, and (3) the top tertile (ie, tertile 3 vs tertiles 1 and 2), and are natural log‐transformed for use as continuous variables. NT‐proBNP indicates N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide; hs‐cTnI, high‐sensitivity cardiac troponin I; hs‐CRP, high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein; NGAL, neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; PlGF, placental growth factor; and UACR: urine albumin to creatinine ratio. Other abbreviations used in this figure are the same as in Figure 1. The tertiles of biomarker levels and…