Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Whole human blood was sheared in the flow field of a concentric cylinder Couette viscometer in the hope of isolating the physical traumas specifically related to the escape of intracellular hemoglobin. The experimental results indicated that laminar shear stresses per se were not instrumental within the investigated range (up to 600 dynes/sq.cm.). This, plus the hematocrit dependence, evidenced the importance of interaction of individual red cells with a surface in the hemolytic event.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Shapiro et al. (1970) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 10 related papers. Consider them for comparative context: