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Methodological study demonstrates adaptive reconstruction of electron-bunch temporal profiles via Michelson interferometry, indicating enhanced accuracy over classical Kramers-Kronig methods.
We present a methodological study for measuring electron-bunch temporal profiles using coherent transition radiation Michelson interferometry. A numerical frequency-filter model is established through imaging calculations of the experimental setup, accounting for the electron-bunch transverse profile, finite angular acceptance, and detector size. An adaptive genetic-algorithm-based forward-fitting approach is implemented to retrieve arbitrary bunch temporal profiles, demonstrating advantages over the classical Kramers-Kronig minimum-phase method. The frequency-filter model, together with the adaptive fitting framework, provides a robust tool for electron-bunch temporal profile characterization in beam physics studies.
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Huang et al. (2026) studied this question.
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