Equilibrium shapes of a nematic–smectic-Bliquid-crystal interface

Equilibrium shapes of the nematic--smectic-B liquid-crystal interface have been investigated. Three types of smectic-B germs with different orientation in a quasi-two-dimensional geometry have been found at small undercooling. Two of these have a similar, rectanglelike shape with two long faceted sides; the third is circular with a small hexagonal modulation. By heating the rapidly grown smectic phase the nematic phase is nucleated below the phase transition. Nematic monodomains were detected for different alignments having a nonfaceted, oval form. From the shape of the germs the angle dependence of the surface tension was determined.