An overview is constructed of a substantial array of space and action techniques of broad utility in marriage and family therapy. Family sculpture and a variety of closely related techniques have gained wide acceptance by counselors, therapists, and educators. The roots of these techniques and their basic concepts are traced. A heuristic typology is presented which highlights the essential interrelatedness of diverse methods and lays the foundation for further open‐ended innovation by working professionals to develop customized variations especially fitted to their personal style and to the needs of their clients.
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Larry L. Constantine (1978) studied this question.
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