A Mobile Communication Base Station Antenna Using a Genetic Algorithm Based Fabry-Pérot Resonance Optimization

We proposed a high-gain wideband resonant-type mobile communication base station antenna using a Fabry-Pérot cavity (FPC) technique. To overcome inherent narrow radiation bandwidth of FPC-type antennas while keeping relatively high gain, we introduced a new superstrate structure composed of square patches and loops, which satisfies an FPC resonance condition at a target frequency region. To do that, we optimized the superstrate geometry with the help of a real-value coding hybrid genetic algorithm (RHGA). The optimized superstrate is very thin, and therefore, it can be fabricated with a single dielectric substrate, which is a fairly strong point in practical applications. Moreover, we enclosed four openings of the antenna in lateral directions to increase antenna gain with a limited aperture area. Therefore, a modified prediction method of an FPC resonance is used, which reduced the effort of complicated three-dimensional antenna optimization. Consequently, our antenna is able to operate in a wide band-width with a relatively high realized gain. Furthermore, good agreement between measured results and prediction ones confirms the validity of our design approach.