Unconsciousness raising: Hidden dimensions of heterosexism in theory and practice with lesbians

This article reviews major approaches to empirical research in the past decade on the lesbian “coming out” experience, and makes explicit the sociocultural context within which they may be configured. Structural aspects of heterosexism are discussed from a social point of view and also at the level of individual experience. The internalization processes of heterosexism are described through a review of clinical data. Examination of the data from these perspectives serves not only to enhance clinical sensitivity to the larger social context in which individuals experience themselves as gay, but also to the hidden dimensions of heterosexism in theory.