General analytical cross sections are derived from first principles, using the classical binary encounter approximation, for electron-impact double ionization of atoms with atomic number Z 20 and s or d outer shells with two electrons. The cross sections are compared with their measured values for the ionization of Ca( Z = 20), Sr( Z = 38), Ba( Z = 56), and Hg( Z = 80) atoms in their ground states.
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Gryziṅski et al. (1999) studied this question.
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