The characteristics and the onset of instability in vertical mercury and metal halide additive arc lamps are found to be consistent with helical instability observed in the lighter monatomic gas arcs of argon and xenon. Helical instability results from destabilizing self-magnetic forces and is a fundamental barrier to high radiative efficiency. Factors influencing the onset of helical instability are discussed.
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R. J. Zollweg (1979) studied this question.
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