MicroRNAs as prognostic molecular signatures in renal cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis

// Liangyou Gu 1, * , Hongzhao Li 1, * , Luyao Chen 1, * , Xin Ma 1 , Yu Gao 1 , Xintao Li 1 , Yu Zhang 1 , Yang Fan 1 , Xu Zhang 1 1 Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, P.R. China * These authors have contributed equally to this work Correspondence to: Xu Zhang, e-mail: xzhang@foxmail.com Keywords: microRNA, renal cell carcinoma, survival, prognosis biomarker, meta-analysis Received: April 27, 2015 Accepted: September 11, 2015 Published: September 22, 2015 ABSTRACT This is a systematic review of studies investigating the prognostic value of different microRNAs (miRs) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Twenty-seven relevant studies were identified, with a total of 2578 subjects. We found that elevated expression of miR-21, miR-1260b, miR-210, miR-100, miR-125b, miR-221, miR-630, and miR-497 was associated with a poor prognosis in RCC patients. Conversely, decreased expression of miR-106b, miR-99a, miR-1826, miR-215, miR-217, miR-187, miR-129–3p, miR-23b, miR-27b, and miR-126 was associated with a worse prognosis. We performed meta-analyses on studies to address the prognostic value of miR-21, miR-126, miR-210, and miR-221. This revealed that elevated miR-21 expression was associated with shorter overall survival (OS; hazard ratio [HR], 2.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.28–4.08), cancer specific survival (CSS; HR, 4.16; 95% CI, 2.49–6.95), and disease free survival (DFS; HR, 2.15; 95% CI, 1.16–3.98). The decreased expression of miR-126 was associated with shorter CSS (HR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.15–0.85), OS (HR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.30–0.69), and DFS (HR 0.30; 95% CI, 0.18–0.50). Our comprehensive systematic review reveals that miRs, especially miR-21 and miR-126, could be promising prognostic markers and useful therapeutic targets in RCC.