A technique for high-resolution wide-field fluorescence microscopy by using standing surface plasmon waves induced by optical vortices (OVs) is proposed, aiming at harnessing its unique dynamic properties to sequentially illuminate specimen with different phase-shifted interference excitation field. Topological charges of the OV are employed to modulate phase-shifting of the interference pattern. Numerical studies and experimental results reveal an achievement of 0.25λ optical resolution, a factor of twofold improvement compared with the standard total-internal-reflection fluorescence microscopy.
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Tan et al. (2010) studied this question.
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