Navigating neoliberalism: women leaders in Pakistani’ higher education and the intersection of personal values and institutional demands

The study investigates the complex interplay between women’s personal values and neoliberal institutional demands in higher education leadership within Pakistan. Despite an increase in female participation in higher education, women remain underrepresented in senior leadership roles, constrained by both patriarchal norms and the market-driven, competitive frameworks of neoliberalism. Using a multiple case study approach, this study explores women leaders’ experiences across two higher education institutions, drawing on multiple participants as embedded units, focusing on how they navigate and align their personal values – integrity, empathy, collaboration – with institutional expectations centered on performance metrics, competition, and efficiency. Semi-structured interviews and document analysis offer insights into the challenges faced and strategies adopted by these leaders. Findings reveal that women leaders adopt relational and ethically oriented leadership practices, prioritizing inclusivity and responsibility, while operating within performance-driven institutional environments. These dynamics shape work–life experiences and contribute to role strain, at times compromising their ability to maintain familial obligations. The study highlights the need for policy reforms, including gender-sensitive practices and leadership development opportunities, to better support women leaders and foster more inclusive academic environments.