Global Perspectives on AI-Based Digital Twins in Smart Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy: Convergence of IoMT, Multiphysics Modeling, and Wireless Bio-Integrated Sensing

Artificial intelligence (AI)-based digital twins (DTs) are emerging as a groundbreaking paradigm in rehabilitation and physiotherapy, enabling the creation of dynamic virtual representations of patients for continuous monitoring, prognostic assessment and personalised therapeutic interventions. This article presents a global, interdisciplinary review of AI-based DT technologies in rehabilitation settings utilising the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT), with particular emphasis on the integration of wearable and implantable sensor systems in next-generation wireless healthcare applications. The article analyses how multimodal wearable sensors, implantable devices and smart wireless communication networks can support the acquisition of real-time biomechanical and physiological data for adaptive rehabilitation. By combining perspectives from biomedical engineering, physiotherapy, computational intelligence and wireless healthcare systems, this article highlights the emerging opportunities and challenges associated with the creation of scalable digital twin ecosystems for precision rehabilitation. The proposed vision contributes to the development of smart, connected and personalized rehabilitation infrastructures, in line with future paradigms of healthcare and wireless communication.