Preserved Ejection Fraction Despite Progressive Functional Decline in a Patient With Single-Ventricle Physiology Without Documented Successful Surgical Palliation

Figures

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  Figure 1. Longitudinal clinical trajectory across four hospital admissions illustrating the dissociation between preserved EF and progressive functional decline in single-ventricle physiology without documented successful surgical palliation ADM: admission, AF-RVR: atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response, CAP: community-acquired pneumonia, EF: ejection fraction, HFNC: high-flow nasal cannula, HF: heart failure, Hb: hemoglobin, NC: nasal cannula, O₂: supplemental oxygen, RF: respiratory failure, SpO₂: peripheral oxygen saturation

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  Figure 2. Transthoracic echocardiographic image demonstrating single-ventricle anatomy SV: single ventricular chamber, CA: common atrium

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  Figure 3. Transthoracic echocardiographic image demonstrating single-ventricle anatomy and severe common AV valve regurgitation SV: single ventricular chamber, CA: common atrium, AV: atrioventricular

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  Figure 4. Chest CT angiography with coronal reconstruction demonstrating mesocardia and cardiomegaly CT: computed tomography

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  Figure 5. Chest CT angiography, axial image at the ventricular level demonstrating single ventricular chamber CT: computed tomography

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  Figure 6. Schematic representation of the cardiac anatomy of the reported patient based on echocardiographic documentation ASD: atrial septal defect, AV: atrioventricular valve, EF: ejection fraction, IVC: inferior vena cava, PA: pulmonary artery, SpO₂: peripheral oxygen saturation, SVC: superior vena cava Image created by the authors as a schematic diagram. SVG source code was developed with AI-assisted programming (Claude, Anthropic, San Francisco, CA, USA) and rendered using a headless Chromium browser (Playwright, Microsoft Corp., Redmond, WA, USA). The figure represents original author-created content based on the echocardiographic findings of the reported patient.