Two Faces of Sarcopenia: Distinct Metabolic and Cardiometabolic Signatures Across Obese and Non-Obese Phenotypes in a Multi-District Urban Population in Jakarta—A Cross Sectional Study
Cross-sectional study finds worse cardiometabolic profiles in sarcopenic obesity compared to non-obese sarcopenia in urban adults, highlighting elevated metabolic risk.
Key Points
To compare metabolic and cardiometabolic profiles between sarcopenic obesity and non-obese sarcopenia phenotypes in an urban adult population.
Analyzed cross-sectional secondary data from the PRIMBON 2025 database in Jakarta, Indonesia, including approximately N = 604 adults aged ≥18 years diagnosed with sarcopenia by AWGS 2025 criteria.
Defined sarcopenic obesity using the 2025 AOASO–IAGG consensus criteria as BMI ≥ 25 kg/m² and visceral fat level > 10.
Assessed demographic, clinical, and laboratory parameters using the Mann–Whitney U test and Chi-square test.
Sarcopenic obesity was significantly associated with older age and a higher proportion of males (p < 0.01).
Participants with sarcopenic obesity presented significantly worse cardiometabolic indicators, including higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure, elevated fasting blood glucose, increased triglycerides, and altered HDL levels (all p < 0.01).
No statistically significant differences occurred between groups for hemoglobin, total cholesterol, LDL, uric acid, or handgrip strength.