The formation of colloidal unmodified (naked) gold nanoparticles is investigated by irradiation of a precursor solution with X-rays from a synchrotron source. An interesting morphological evolution as a function of exposure time, from cross-linked network-like structure to individual particles, has been discovered. The particle size decreased with the exposure time and was influenced by the ionic strength of the precursor solution. Contrary to gamma-ray exposure, an OH radical scavenger was not required for cluster formation.
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Wang et al. (2007) studied this question.
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