The mechanism of styrene polymerization by α-diimine iron complexes correlates with the metal spin state of the catalyst. Experimental and theoretical studies indicate that high-spin catalysts are halogenophilic, resulting in atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), while intermediate-spin complexes are carbophilic giving rise to catalytic chain transfer (CCT, see graph).
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Shaver et al. (2006) studied this question.
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