The surface flashover voltage over cylindrical spacers made of polyethylene in vacuum under impulse voltage application decreases monotonically with increasing temperature of the sample surface. This temperature dependence may be explained well by the mechanism that electrons injected from a cathode-insulator-vacuum junction bombard the sample surface to cause desorption of adsorbed gases and vaporization of sample material, thereby triggering surface flashover.
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Ohki et al. (1975) studied this question.
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