Masticatory performance in mixed dentition children before and after dental treatment: an in vivo assessment using a two-coloured chewing gum mixing test

To evaluate the effects of dental treatment on masticatory performance and food preferences in children during the mixed dentition period using a two-coloured chewing gum test and a food preference questionnaire. This prospective clinical study included 100 children aged 6–9 years, categorized into three groups based on the Caries Assessment Spectrum and Treatment Index. Masticatory performance and food preferences were assessed before and three months after treatment. Masticatory performance was evaluated using a two-coloured chewing gum test (Vivident Fruit Swing) and analyzed by Variance of Hue (VOH) in ViewGum© software. At the same time, food preferences were assessed with a 30-item questionnaire. Posterior occlusal contacts, body mass index (BMI)-for-age z-scores, and pain scores were also recorded. Data were analyzed using R software, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Post-treatment VOH values decreased significantly in all groups (CAST 5, p < 0.001; CAST 6, p < 0.001; CAST 7, p = 0.024). Posterior occlusal contacts increased in CAST 5 and 6 but decreased in CAST 7 ( p < 0.001). VOH correlated positively with MT/mt and negatively with FT/ft and occlusal contacts ( p < 0.001). Preferences for hard and fibrous foods (e.g., carrot, walnut, apple, meat) increased, while rejection due to chewing pain decreased ( p < 0.001). BMI-for-age z-scores increased significantly in CAST 5 and 6, whereas no significant change was observed in CAST 7. Pain scores decreased in all groups ( p < 0.001). Dental treatment enhances masticatory performance and supports healthier eating behaviors by preserving tooth morphology and occlusal integrity. ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT07271901. First registered on 26 December 2025. Retrospectively registered.